Uso de herramientas geomáticas para la regulación de la trashumancia apícola estacional: hacia un ordenamiento territorial proactivo
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2025
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología
Resumen
Este trabajo propone aplicar herramientas de la geomática, a partir de la utilización conjunta de un Sistema de Información Geográfico (SIG) y de mapas con información de interés apícola de la región forestal del departamento Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina. Concretamente se integró información espacial disponible en formato vectorial de geolocalización de apiarios registrados en el Registro Nacional de Productores Apícolas (RENAPA), en relación a macizos forestales implantados de Eucalyptus spp. y se obtuvo información sobre la actividad productiva mediante encuestas a productores apícolas de la región. Se utilizaron técnicas de análisis espacial para definir dos situaciones: en primer lugar, la “carga apícola real” (cantidad de colmenas por parcela forestal y su área de pecoreo); en segundo lugar, la “oferta potencial de recursos nectaríferos” (en adelante capacidad potencial de carga apícola). Dicha estimación surge evaluando en cada parcela el Índice de Verdor Diferencial Normalizado (NDVI) de los macizos forestales, durante el período de floración de los eucaliptos (Febrero -Mayo 2016/2017). Se utilizaron imágenes satelitales de libre distribución del sensor Sentinel-2A, provistas por la Agencia Espacial Europea y disponibles en el servidor de datos espaciales Earth Explorer (NASA). Como resultado se obtuvieron mapas de zonas con diferentes capacidades potenciales de carga apícola y mapas de zonas con diferentes densidades de colmenas de Apis mellifera. Esta información logró vincular de modo gráfico y ameno, la capacidad potencial de carga apícola de los bosques de eucaliptos con la demanda apícola, mostrando áreas en equilibrio de oferta y demanda (20%), algunas con sobrecarga de colmenas (35%),otras sub explotadas (45%), y zonas de aprovechamiento futuro, evidenciando ineficiencias productivas y su valía como herramienta útil para la regulación de trashumancia estacional de apiarios.
This work proposes to apply geomatics tools, based on the joint use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) and maps with information of beekeeping interest of the forest region of the department of Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina. Specifically, spatial information available in vector format of geolocation of apiaries registered in the National Registry of Beekeeping Producers (RENAPA) was integrated, in relation to planted forest massifs of Eucalyptus spp. and information on productive activity was obtained through surveys of beekeepers in the region. Spatial analysis techniques were used to define two situations: firstly, the "actual beekeeping load" (number of hives per forest plot and their foraging area); secondly, the "potential supply of nectar resources" (hereinafter referred to as potential beekeeping carrying capacity). This estimate arises by evaluating in each plot the Normalized Differential Greenness Index (NDVI) of the forest masses, during the flowering period of the eucalyptus trees (February-May 2016/2017). Freely distributable satellite images from the Sentinel-2A sensor, provided by the European Space Agency and available on the Earth Explorer (NASA) space data server, were used. As a result, maps of areas with different potential beekeeping carrying capacities and maps of areas with different densities of Apis mellifera hives were obtained. This information managed to link in a graphic and entertaining way, the potential beekeeping carrying capacity of eucalyptus forests with beekeeping demand, showing areas in balance of supply and demand (20%), some with overload of hives (35%), others underexploited (45%), and areas of future use evidencing productive inefficiencies and its value as a useful tool for the regulation of seasonal transhumance of apiaries.
This work proposes to apply geomatics tools, based on the joint use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) and maps with information of beekeeping interest of the forest region of the department of Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina. Specifically, spatial information available in vector format of geolocation of apiaries registered in the National Registry of Beekeeping Producers (RENAPA) was integrated, in relation to planted forest massifs of Eucalyptus spp. and information on productive activity was obtained through surveys of beekeepers in the region. Spatial analysis techniques were used to define two situations: firstly, the "actual beekeeping load" (number of hives per forest plot and their foraging area); secondly, the "potential supply of nectar resources" (hereinafter referred to as potential beekeeping carrying capacity). This estimate arises by evaluating in each plot the Normalized Differential Greenness Index (NDVI) of the forest masses, during the flowering period of the eucalyptus trees (February-May 2016/2017). Freely distributable satellite images from the Sentinel-2A sensor, provided by the European Space Agency and available on the Earth Explorer (NASA) space data server, were used. As a result, maps of areas with different potential beekeeping carrying capacities and maps of areas with different densities of Apis mellifera hives were obtained. This information managed to link in a graphic and entertaining way, the potential beekeeping carrying capacity of eucalyptus forests with beekeeping demand, showing areas in balance of supply and demand (20%), some with overload of hives (35%), others underexploited (45%), and areas of future use evidencing productive inefficiencies and its value as a useful tool for the regulation of seasonal transhumance of apiaries.
Descripción
Palabras clave
SIG, Mapa apícola, Eucalyptus spp., Apis mellifera, Sistema de Información Geográfico, Apicultura